American Beech

American Beech Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.

Mature Size: 60 to 80 feet in height, 2 to 3 feet in diameter

Form: Thick trunk and a broad, rounded crown.

Where to Find Them: Rich, well-drained bottoms and moist coves

Leaves: Alternate, simple, 2 to 6 inches, oblong to oval and pointed, with small incurving teeth on the edges; bright yellow in autumn, later turning light tan and often remaining on the tree until spring.

Fruit: Prickly burs, about 3⁄4 inch long, and splitting into 4 parts; each bur contains two 3-angled, pyramid-shaped, 1⁄2-inch, shiny, brown nuts

Wildlife Use: Beech nuts are eaten by many birds and mammals, including mice, squirrels, chipmunks, black bear, deer, foxes, ruffed grouse, ducks and blue jays. Large, older trees often become hollow, providing den sites for wildlife.